Analysis Of The Ryanair Business Strategy Business Essay

Analysis Of The Ryanair Business Strategy Business Essay Business strategy is an essential component to a firms business model and is a vital player in aiding the firm drive itself to achieve its mission. Through a clear business strategy a firm can derive its position in the long term and create a competitive advantage in the market for itself. In this essay we explore the business model of Ryanair and assess their strategy. Ryanair is an Irish low cost airline headquartered in Dublin founded in 1985. It operates 181 aircrafts over 729 routes across Europe and North Africa from 31 bases. Ryanair has seen large success over the recent years due to its low-cost business model and has become the worlds largest airline in terms of international passenger numbers. Taking Porters generic business strategies into consideration, Ryanair operates a cost-leadership strategy to drive itself into achieving its mission of being the leading European low-cost carrier (LCC). Throughout this essay the business strategy of Ryanair will be analysed and the sustainability of their model evaluated. Ryanairs objective is to firmly establish itself as Europes leading low-fares scheduled passenger airline through continued improvements and expanded offerings of its low-fares service (Ryanair). Considering their objectives and mission, Ryanairs decision on their cost-leadership strategy was based on a few main factors which are discussed below. A major influence was the deregulation of the airline industry in 1978 which removed government intervention within the European continent. Under the new rules, routes and fare decisions were made by individual airlines which meant that they could compete on other factors besides food, cabin crew and frequency. As a result of deregulation, a large number of new airline start-ups emerged within the EU and competition among airlines increased dramatically resulting in downward price pressures. Ryanair was established to take full advantage of these market conditions. By offering low prices, Ryanair entered a huge and virtually unlimited market. Having seen the major success of the low cost carrier Southwest in the United States, Ryanair decided to follow in their footsteps by establishing a LCC for the European continent that targeted fare conscious leisure travellers and regular low cost business travellers. By doing this Ryanair became the first low-fare airline in Europe. However, they took the Southwest model further by offering no drinks and snacks at all and abolishing the frequent flyer program which Southwest up to this day offers its customers (Boesch 2007). The evaluation of Porters five forces influenced Ryanairs choice of a cost-leadership strategy, as the threat presented by new entrants and the threat of substitutes could hinder their success. The threat of new entrants is high within the aviation industry which meant that low fares would help drive away any further competition. The threat of substitutes to Ryanair had to also be carefully examined. Their primary market, Europe, had the availability of high speed trains and car holidays. For Ryanair to be successful, prices had to be low to attract the public, and resist strong competition from substitutes like Eurostar. As Europes largest low fare airline, Ryanairs competitive advantage remains in their ability to continue as cost leaders; providing the cheapest fares to its customers. This dictates that the company must minimise its own costs to ensure that they are able to offer customers the service at a price below their direct competitors. This leads us to consider some key functional strategies which directly help Ryanair towards their ultimate goal to be Europes leading low fares airline (Ryanair). The marketing strategy is perhaps the most obvious and significant functional strategy of Ryanair. Low fares are designed to stimulate demand, attracting fare-conscious travellers, those who may have used alternative forms of transportation or even those who may have not travelled at all. Penetration pricing as it is called helps gain market share and simply, more customers equals more revenue (Wheelen Hunger 2006). Tickets are almost solely sold on their website www.ryanair.com which very importantly keeps sales costs to a minimum since very few phone operators are employed and computers are able to cheaply handle all functions of sales. With ever increasing accessibility of the internet globally anybody with internet access can buy airline tickets from Ryanair, so distribution practically takes care of itself through this medium. Ryan Air relies on low cost promotions and in recent times has concentrated on their One million seats at one pound which is usually advertised through t heir internet site, national press and bulletin boards. It is the simplicity of this promotion which helps keep costs low since expensive advertising agencies can be entirely avoided and advertising can be dealt with in house. Ryanairs operations strateg1y determines how the airline will deploy its resources and the policies it will operate by. To keep costs low they operate a no frills service onboard aircraft. This means the fare only includes the flight. There are however a number of other measures directly related to a no frills service. These include ticketless boarding, unallocated seats, one class of travel, costs for check-in baggage, no refund policy, basic seats (to increase aircraft capacity) and charging for any additional service. All this significantly reduces costs to Ryanair. The Achilles heel of Ryanair is their greater aircraft utilisation through super quick turnaround times. Essentially this means the aircraft spends very little time on the ground, they achieve this through their human resource policies and by having none or very little cargo in the baggage hold to speed up loading and unloading of the aircraft. Logistics strategy deals with the flow of products into and out of Ryanair. Again there is heavy emphasis on cost saving and reducing measures. Ryanair fly to secondary airports which are potentially much further from the City centre but accessible enough by other forms of ground transportation. At these airports Ryanair are able to negotiate extremely aggressively and demand the lowest landing and handling fees. Additionally Ryanair is usually able to gain financial assistance with marketing and promotional campaigns at these airports. As cost leader Ryanair strives to undercut all its rivals but this means very low income per fare and requires maximum utilisation of its resources. Fortunately their financial policy ensures they are able to still profit handsomely from rock bottom fares. The aim is to breakeven on fares but to make their profits out of ancillary charges and commissions from their partners. Ryanair has a number of affiliates such as Hertz car rental, Acumus insurance and booking.com all of whom are advertised readily on the Ryanair website. Since the website has high website traffic its partners are able to reach out to Ryanairs huge client base and are prepared to pay good commissions to the firm for this privilege (IdeaWorks). Ryanair also generate income from advertising on board the aircraft. Ancillary revenue is generated from many of the services that traditional airlines wouldnt charge for, such as large baggage into the cargo hold, allocated seating, snacks and drinks. Ryanairs strategy when purchasing aircraft is to buy new, uniform aircraft. This is beneficial for a number of reasons all of which directly help cost saving measures. Firstly, by being able to order same aircraft in bulk they are able to negotiate a better price per aircraft. Secondly, uniform aircraft mean that there are potential savings in staff training; air stewards being more familiar with all aircraft and maintenance will be simpler. Finally by buying new, the company has safer, more fuel efficient planes with lower maintenance costs. Safer aircraft also means greater consumer confidence, equating to more fare sales. Furthermore Ryanair aggressively hedge and fix as many of their costs as possible, such as oil and aircraft prices so they are not subject to future price fluctuations which could adversely affect profitability (Stone 2008). The human resource policy is again directly related to reducing costs. Employees are expected to pay for their own uniform and equipment. Training given is the required minimum and staff utilisation is among the highest in the airline industry. Many staff are employed on performance contracts and those who do not meet their expectations are readily replaced. Staff are also expected to take on a number of roles, cabin staff will also clean the aircraft prior to the next service, check in staff assist in boarding the aircraft etc. Ryanair has successfully experienced years of growth both in the number of its aircrafts and passengers since its launch.   However, with the global financial system recently suffering its greatest crisis in more than 70 years, existing business models of many aviation firms are coming under great strain. As this economic downturn bankrupts LCCs like XL and Zoom with more expected to follow, the question is whether Ryanairs cost-leadership strategy is sustainable or not as it continues to offer lower fares in the face of high costs. Although Ryanair has posted losses along with other aviation firms for the latest quarter, it is expected to emerge from this downturn with fewer competitors because its à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬1.8 billon balance sheet is one of the strongest in the industry. Additionally, as the credit crunch takes its toll, traditional airlines are not in a position to cut fares and the threat of new LCCs is virtually eliminated due to the lack of financing. Although Ryanair f aces competition from substitutes like Eurostar, it is at an advantage because of Eurostars limited destinations.   Ryanair is sticking to its mantra, when the going gets tough, sell more seats for almost nothing (Symonds 2008). By offering low fares, Ryanair expects passengers to trade down to the low cost airlines rather than stop flying completely. This trend appears accurate so far based on passenger numbers as recession forces millions of passengers to focus on price (Waterman 2009). Additionally, the latest statistics from The European Low Fares Airline Association members show a 15.7% year-on-year growth in the number of passengers for 2008, indicating that the LCC model is robust, even in times of crisis (Latest 2009). Consequently, there is no doubt that Ryanair looks poised for substantial profits and passenger growth in the coming years. However, in order to compete with other LCCs and maintain its continued market share growth in the future, Ryanair needs to improve its poor customer relations. The sustainability of Ryanairs cost leadership strategy also depends largely on the price of oil and how effective the firm is in cutting costs in order to continue offering low fares. According to the firms latest financial report, Ryanair will enjoy significantly lower oil costs thanks to their recent hedging programme, when most of their competitors are already hedged at much higher prices. These lower prices will drive Ryanairs traffic growth, maintain high load factors and capture market share from higher cost fuel surcharging competitors (3rd Quarter Results 2009). In order to cut costs, Ryanair plans to close all its airport check-in desks by the end of 2009 and have passengers check-in online instead. Other cost saving methods not yet implemented include charging customers for using toilets on airplanes (Lalor 2009). These cost cutting ideas are not very popular among consumers and it means that Ryanair needs to improve its already tarnished brand image in the future which it had attained through negative press reporting and misleading advertisements. The current strategy at Ryanair is expected to work so well that despite the recession Ryanairs CEO has underlined the firms commitment to expansion. The firm is expected to grow at 20 percent a year because of a 180 aircrafts on order from Boeing. These expansion plans for the future will require the company to increase its landing slots at airports and recruit more employees. Currently Ryanair has limited access to landing slots in major airports and the secondary airports are long distances away from city centres which could make it less attractive in the future.   However, a remarkable cut in flights by other European airline carriers due to recession is creating enormous opportunities for Ryanair, as many major airports compete to reduce charges in order to attract Ryanairs growth (3rd Quarter Results 2009). Availability of skilled personnel shouldnt be a problem for Ryanair due to recent high unemployment levels. However, Ryanair needs to improve its current low level of empa thy for employees if it is to retain them in the future. Even though Ryanairs cost leadership strategy is robust and it looks set to serve them well in the future, there are some key areas within the business that can be improved on to enhance the firms profitability and brand image. Ryanair has always been criticised for many aspects of its poor customer relations. According to The Economist, Ryanairs cavalier treatment of passengers had given Ryanair a deserved reputation for nastiness and that the airline has become a byword for appalling customer service   and jeering rudeness towards anyone or anything that gets in its way (Aviation 2007). If Ryanair is to maintain its large customer base, it needs to ensure that it acknowledges its customers concerns and maintains a service focused attitude at all costs. Ryanair needs to invest in servicing customers better by providing a non-premium contact number, improving its non user friendly website, and simplifying the terms and conditions of the flight service. Ryanair should also create a frequent flyer program to establish a fixed customer base and encourage customer loyalty. Ryanair is notorious for its high staff turnover which negatively affects its reputation as an employer. Over utilization of employees, poor remuneration package, and minimal training are a few other critical items to be considered by Ryanair if it is to retain employees in the future. Ryanair needs to understand that although it is currently possible to replace outgoing employees, but with time Ryanairs overall image will be tarnished. Resultantly, attracting new employees could become impossible and this will hinder their expansion plans. Ryanair should incorporate a flexible benefits package solely designed to improve employee morale such as flexible working hours and extra holidays. To improve its image amongst employees, training at all employee levels must include exposure to similar techniques and methods that help promote the development of a uniform company identity. Following huge success in Europe, Ryanair should consider introducing low cost transatlantic flights to support its expansion plans and attain a larger customer base. With a high demand for certain routes like London-New York and room for negotiation in airplane prices and airport slots mainly due to the current financial climate, it is an ideal time to further reap the rewards of the cost leadership strategy that has served Ryanair so well over the years. Ryanairs model looks set to survive the current industrial downturn through its lower costs and substantial cash balances. No airline is better placed in Europe than Ryanair to trade through this downturn. It will therefore continue to grow, by lowering fares, taking market share from competitors, and expanding in markets where competitors either withdraw capacity or go bust (Monaghan 2008). By taking the recommended improvements into consideration, it looks like Ryanairs cost leadership strategy seems ideal for the future. Word Count: 2,493

Terms Defined :: essays papers

Terms Defined Before plummeting into the depth of this paper, several phrases and terms need to be clarified. When discussing computers they should be thought of as â€Å"devices that solve problems by accepting information, performing prescribed operations, and supplying the results obtained.† Computer usage refers to utilizing the piece of technology to solve problems. Another important fact to remember is that computer games are played on the machine for either instruction or entertainment. For the sake of clarity, computer programs and computer games are used interchangeably and deemed as synonymous phrases within this paper. The computer revolution refers to the incorporation of computers into everyday use. Having clear definitions of these phrases will help the reader better comprehend the assertions being presented (â€Å"Ebsco,† 2004). Gender Bias in Computer Games and Programs One of the first factors thought to contribute to this growing problem presented above is the fact that computer games and programs are rarely generated with females in mind. The way in which games and programs are designed can be a huge deciding factor in whether the girl will take the time to explore a particular program or not. According to a study sponsored by the much acclaimed American Association of University Women, â€Å"The commission noted that most computer games today are designed by men for men. They often have subject matter of interest to boys, or feature styles of interaction known to be comfortable for boys† (â€Å"Tech Savvy,† 2000, p.29). In her book entitled Does Jane Compute, Roberta Furger (1998) interviewed a ten year old, self-proclaimed conossuier of computers named Rachel. This precocious ten year old has her own web page and likes to make cards and invitations on her very own Macintosh. Sadly, Rachel has experienced first hand the discr epancy experts have been warning about. She too explains how there are very few games for girls when she stated, â€Å"There are only men in a lot of games-and there are not bright colors. It’s all droopy† (1998, p.44). Children Now, an organization working for the betterment of children everywhere, recently stated that many computer games popular among boys have been marketed to girls by simply changing one aspect of the game’s general design or aesthetics. Take for example, Pac-Man. The creators of this game simply put a pink bow on the original creature to try to lure in the female population (â€Å"Girls and Gaming,† 2000).

Aprendiendo Estructura de Datos Como En Primaria

PROGRAMACION EN LENGUAJE PASCAL Subtemas : Estructuras de Control de Programas Profesor : Braulio Barrios – Marzo de 2009 ESTRUCTURAS DE CONTROL DE PROGRAMAS EN PASCAL Como hemos dicho en clase, PASCAL es un lenguaje de programacion ESTRUCTURADO, por tal razon, provee sentencias para cada una de las primitivas de la Programacion Estructurada, y son las siguientes: 1. – ESTRUCTURA CONDICIONAL CONDICIONAL SIMPLE O SENCILLO †¦ IF Expresion THEN Begin Sentencia1; Sentencia2; . . Sentencia N; End; ================== CONDICIONAL DOBLE †¦ IF Expresion THEN Begin Sentencia1; Sentencia2; . Sentencia N; End ELSE Begin (* Observe que NO se escribe ‘ ; ‘ Antes del ELSE *)Sentencia A; Sentencia B; . . Sentencia Z; End; ================== CONDICIONAL ANIDADO †¦ IF Expresion1 THEN Begin IF Expresion2 THEN Begin IF Expresion3 THEN Begin Sentencia1; Sentencia2; . . Sentencia N; End; End; End; 2. – ESTRUCTURAS DE CONTROL REPETITIVAS Permiten que el contr ol del programa itere (repita) un proceso varias veces segun se requiera. Son Tres (3) las estructuras repetitivas que provee PASCAL: Repeat For, While, CICLO FOR †¦ FOR Asignacion TO Valor Final DO Begin Sentencia1; Sentencia2; . Sentencia N; End; CICLO WHILE †¦WHILE Expresion DO Begin Sentencia1; Sentencia2; . . Sentencia N; Modificar expresion End; CICLO REPEAT †¦ REPEAT (* Observe que no require BEGIN †¦ END *) Sentencia1; Sentencia2; . . Sentencia N; Modificar expresion UNTIL (Expresion); Quiero ilustrar el uso de ciclos repetitivos en PASCAL para lo cual resolveremos el siguiente ejercicio: Escriba un programa que permita mostrar en pantalla la tabla de multiplicar del 5, asi: 5 5 5 X 1 = 5 X 2 = 10 X 3 = 15 Algoritmo1: (usando ciclo FOR) TABLA1 1 HASTA 10 Haga PARA I Escriba( â€Å" 5 X â€Å", I , â€Å" =†, 5*I) FIN PARA FIN TABLA1Programa Pascal PROGRAM Tabla1; (* Resuelve el problema utilizando un ciclo repetitivo FOR *) USES Wincrt; VAR I : I nteger; BEGIN Clrscr; gotoxy(20,5); WRITE (‘ TABLA DE MULTIPLICAR DEL 5 ‘); FOR I : = 1 TO 10 DO BEGIN WRITELN(‘ 5 X ‘, I, ‘ = ‘, 5 * i); END; gotoxy(20,20); WRITE (‘Pulse ENTER para terminar); READKEY; END. Algoritmo2: (usando ciclo WHILE) TABLA2 I 1 MQ I 10); (* Si lo desea puede omitir los parentesis *) (* Tenga en cuenta que UNTIL significa ‘HASTA’ y No ‘MIENTRAS’ *) gotoxy(20,20); WRITE (‘Pulse ENTER para terminar); READKEY; END.

Extra Credit Assignment on Holocaust Survivor Susan Cernyak-Spatz - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 1023 Downloads: 4 Date added: 2019/04/26 Category History Essay Level High school Tags: Holocaust Essay Did you like this example? The event which I attended was a presentation from Holocaust survivor, Susan Cernyak-Spatz. Unfortunately, she was not able to make it to speak due to not feeling well. Instead, a video of her speaking on surviving the Holocaust was played. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Extra Credit Assignment on Holocaust Survivor: Susan Cernyak-Spatz" essay for you Create order The one problem I had with this event was that it was extremely hard to hear her in the video, which made it difficult to fully comprehend everything she had to say and to take notes on it. I did go back and watch the video on my own and was able to comprehend most of what was said, but it still was hard to understand at times. The documentary began with her talking about the important people who came to power in 1933. One being Franklin D. Roosevelt and the other Adolf Hitler. She did not talk about Roosevelt much, except that he was a good person in power. She did, however, jump right into Hitlers coming to power. Some background on herself and family is that she lived in Berlin with her parents and ended up moving to Vienna. Then in Vienna in 1938, they had to leave behind everything like the food in their refrigerator and valuables like China plates. They left only bringing one suitcase to catch a flight from Vienna to Prague. Then from Vienna, they left for Poland, which was the only open border in 1939. However, they did not issue visas anymore to people with Jewish names, which meant her father had to make some illegal arrangements for them to get across the border. They were separated from their father because he had to go first to make sure everything would work. It just so happened that her father ended up making it out of Poland to Belgium on what was one of the last flights out at the time. Susans mother and her were deported to Beijing and were put in one of the five barracks there. They were searched and then went into a huge area to sit on straw and later experienced what was called the selection in Auschwitz. After she was selected, Susan goes to describe her initial view of the camp after the three day ride. Prior to getting there, they did not really know exactly what was at Auschwitz or what it had in store. All they knew was that people go there and never come back. She describes their arrival as having an indescribable smell, but nobody knew what it really was. There were two flames going up with smoke, but nobody made the connection that those were bodies burning. She remembers seeing an ambulance with a big red cross on it. She describes how psychologically, it gave her and others a sense of hope because when one sees an ambulance, they associate it with help and being taken care of. It was fascinating learning about the true hardships of life in Auschwitz. Susan described the bowl which everyone received as being basically all they had. The bowl was used to drink out of, eat out of, and pee into. This led to her talking about the precalculated dehumanization of people. They came to have no personalities, no utensils, and very little food. What they did have was piles of filth everywhere which led to many diseases. During the time of these hardships which Susan and others were faced with, the Jewish prisoners were in a liminal ground. Dr. Davis describes a liminal ground as a middle space between life and death (C.S. Davis, personal communication, September 27, 2018). While in Auschwitz, prisoners were no longer truly living, but they were also not dead yet. Unfortunately, they were stuck in the middle. When asked how Susan survived all of this, she said the most important thing was to accept the nightmare as your life. This can definitely apply to any circumstance in todays world as well. Everything in life is not always great, but by coming to terms with it and giving it your best to fight out that hard time or circumstance, you can combat just about anything, as seen by Susan surviving Auschwitz. I can apply this idea to my own life, because when I am going through a hard time, I remember to accept the negative aspects, and move on the best that I can. Susan then talked about her friend Lilly who decided to give up because it just was not the life she wanted to live, like many others chose to do. Chapter 5 of Deadzone, Death as a Horrible Other: A Relationship with the Other Side, clarifies that Characters lose their fear of death when they accept its inevitability (Davis Crane, 2019, p. 24). Many Jewish prisoners did not have the same perseverance as Susan. People like Lilly who had suffered so much, came to terms with death and its inevitability. They would rather accept their fate than live another day in the horrific concentration camp. Susan also described just how normal death became at Auschwitz. When it was most peoples time to go, many were physically and emotionally ready, almost allowing death to be their best option. This really constructs the idea about life and death by showing that if a persons quality of life is poor, they are probably more accepting of their life coming to an end. It also goes to show how the battle with ones conscious and will to survive vary among people. The strong willed people probably had more hopes and dreams outside of that camp, allowing them to push onward, while others, like Lilly, could not see the finish line. Susans story of surviving the Holocaust reminded me of , Night and Fog, a short film based on the Nazi concentration camps. The film was very sad and depicted things like torture, gas chambers, and piles of corpses. Although a film like this may be hard for some to watch, including the gruesome graphics is necessary in order to fully understand what took place. Just like Night and Fog, Susans story was definitive, which according to Dr. Crane, equates to undistorted the truth and only the truth (J. L. Crane, communication studies, October 30, 2018).

Gender Discrimination Essay - 1312 Words

Rachel Reynolds Mrs. Geaman Soph. English 1 21 March 2014 Argumentation Essay We live in a society today that says we do not discriminate, that we learned from the past and are above that now. It is heavily taught in schools at a young age that discrimination was a thing of the past, that no one will be treated differently because of who they are. Some preach this idea so fiercely, yet there are untold numbers of circumstances in which people of all kinds are set apart and alienated from others, and the people that preach against it refuse to see it even when it is right under their nose. We are currently living in the delusion that discrimination does not exist, when in fact it happens every day and in many ways. The struggle for†¦show more content†¦Gillard, Prime Minister of Australia at the time, made what is widely regarded as The Misogyny Speech in response to the Opposition Leader, Tony Abbott. She stated, The Leader of the Opposition says that people who hold sexist views and who are misogynists are not appropriate for high office. Well I hope the Leader of the Opposition has got a piece of paper and he is writing out his resignation. Because if he wants to know what misogyny looks like in Australia, he doesn t need a motion, he needs a mirror, (Gillard). Our society is full of hypocrites. We say that stereotyping is wrong, but then turn around and do it every day, whether we realize it or not. A Time magazine article from 2014 describes Amy Chua’s beliefs that being Asian makes a person superior when it comes to succeeding in America. This is paired along with the idea that the condescension has settled upon those of Hispanic origin, as well as African-Americans and even whites. While that latter statement is completely true, it can be taken even further by saying that within all of these races and origins, women are still paid less than their male counterparts across the board (USDL 4). The fight against gender stereotypes is not just for women. Men can be just as oppressed,Show MoreRelatedEssay On Gender Discrimination859 Words   |  4 Pagesas women do. Aside from assaults of all kind and being demoted on a regular basis, women are treated unfairly and are seen dominant for stereotypical matters. Gender discrimination influences one’s mind to believe that gender is a factor in one’s value and the issue isn’t getting much better.   Ã‚  Ã‚   Although a majority of gender discrimination is on females, and though it may be difficult to see in certain cases, men deal with stereotyped obstacles along their way too. In the article, â€Å"Man Troubles:Read More Gender Discrimination Essay819 Words   |  4 PagesThe topic of gender discrimination is certainly a controversial one. Some of our group remembers their LIBS 7013 course, an entire course dedicated to studying Race, Class and Gender. It’s interesting to look at these issues from a moral point of view, and apply different principles to the circumstances at hand. Utilitarian View When we use a utilitarian approach, it is believed that â€Å"productivity is optimized when jobs are awarded based on competency.† The clear conclusion from this statementRead MoreEssay about Gender Discrimination1197 Words   |  5 Pageshand of the divorce. Fourth, men are the householders despite the fact that most households are ran by women and are biologically more connected to the children. Lastly, although many girls of today consider diverse jobs, some are hindered by their gender. Although it is said that women are treated equal to men, it is not true and more measures should be taken and more effort put into equalizing men and women. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Women have never been scientifically proven to be inferiorRead MoreEssay on Gender Discrimination at Walmart2005 Words   |  9 Pageshas engaged in ethically questionable practices, including gender discrimination in promotion and pay. While the Supreme Court recently ruled against class certification of 1.5 million women in the Dukes v. Walmart case due to a lack of proof that Walmart operated under a â€Å"general policy of discrimination†, overwhelming evidence demonstrates that gender discrimination is a persistent problem rooted in the culture of Walmart, despite gender-neutral policies (Biskupic, 2011). During the 1950’s andRead MoreGender Discrimination In The Workplace Essay1239 Words   |  5 Pagesbarrier that female employees face is gender discrimination. As an example, gender discrimination is the mistreatment of an employee because of their gender. According to the report s release by the Institute for Women’s Policy Research (IWPR, 2017), on average, women that are employed full-time earn approximately 80 cents for every dollar earned by men. Additionally, the IWPR report tracks that â€Å"gender and race discrimination in the workplace show discrimination in pay, hiring or promotions whichRead MoreGender Discrimination in the Workplace Essay2122 Words   |  9 Pagessex-based discrimination (Sex-Based Charges). Most of these gender related accusations are gender discrimination. Stephanie Sipe and Donna K. Fisher, both professors at Georgia Southern University, and C. Douglas Jonson, a professor at Georgia Gwinnett University, state â€Å"Gender discrimin ation occurs when employers make decisions such as selection, evaluation, promotion, or reward allocation on the basis of an individual’s gender† (Sipe, Johnson, and Fisher 342). Most of the time gender discriminationRead MoreEssay on Gender Discrimination in the Workplace2843 Words   |  12 Pagespro-equal pay, including some unions, support the idea that the government should set wages for all jobs. To the contrary, the organizations that are proponents of equal pay are not for job wages being set by the government-they wish to have the discrimination taken out of pay scales from within the company. Commonly, this pay gap is attributed to the fact that women in the United States are still expected to attend to familial obligations over work. Data shows that women do attend to family obligationsRead MoreGender Discrimination in the Elizabethan Era Essay1982 Words   |  8 PagesGender Discrimination was strongly evident in the Elizabethan Era between 1558 and 1603 with women ‘generally’ considered the inferior race and treated with subhuman actions based purely on their gender. Whilst is can be stated that women were treated wrongly is it fair to accuse the male men of that era with gender discrimination when it was what they were brought up to believe? Our morals and beliefs are derived from society’s general perception of right and wrong and in the Elizabethan Era itRead MoreEssay about Analysis Gender Equality and Gender Discrimination913 Words   |  4 Pageskitchen, the son recoils in disgust†¦ The parents of an 18-year-old girl describe their fear that their daughter will be an old maid because she is so terribly bright and independent. They decide that the mother will have a â€Å"talk w ith her† (â€Å"Changing Gender Norms† Eliman-Taggart)† An analogous philosophy is introduced in the novel A Game of Thrones by George R. R. Martin. In the series, Arya, daughter of Lord Eddard Stark has grown up along with her brothers who trained in the art of swordplay and herRead MoreEssay on Gender Discrimination at the Work Place2526 Words   |  11 Pagesï » ¿Gender Discrimination at the Work Place Introduction According to Gorman (2008), gender discrimination is the practice of denying or granting rights and/or privileges to an individual based on gender. This practice is acceptable and longstanding to both genders in some societies. In some religious groups, gender discrimination is considered as part of the norm, especially discrimination on women. However, in most countries that are civilized an industrialized, it is considered to be illegal uncalled

Using Peer Tutoring And Peer Assistance - 983 Words

Introduction After taking the survey, I now realize I wish I was doing more differentiated instruction in my classroom. I chose a lot of â€Å"somewhat agrees† and that means that I sometimes implement differentiation but not always. Reading through all of the questions really had my thinking on how I use them in my classroom. For example: one of the questions I had trouble with was: I make frequent use of peer tutoring and peer assistance in my classroom. I do not do any of that in my music classroom. I could try and have students help me hand out instruments or papers when we use them. Peer tutoring is what I struggled with the most and know for a fact that I do not use that in my teaching. I could however, when teaching quarter and†¦show more content†¦I will sometimes jot down by their name on the seating chart who needs help with what. Doing more formal assessments is a must in my classroom. One example of a formal assessment that I did this past year was teaching th e second graders the song â€Å"Rocky Mountain.† Once the song was memorized the students would come to the front of the room and sing â€Å"Rocky Mountain† for everyone to hear and I would grade them on their singing ability; if all words were memorized, sang each note on the correct pitch and if they sang in the correct key throughout. I found this to be very helpful with their personalities and interests because I found out who really liked singing and who did not really enjoy it. I also found out who was shy and who was more outgoing. This helped me prepare some of lessons for the next few times and I knew who I could call on to sing for everyone. Another strength that I have is helping students set individual learning goals. I recently helped a student who usually has a hard time concentrating and staying on task create a GPAR (Goal-Plan, Action and Result), to help him get through his classes more focused. It worked very well and the student got a great res ult and therefore I know I will be doing this more next year to help a lot more students become successful. Improvements Some of the improvements that I need to make in my classroom is taking inventory of my students’ learning preferences before I

The Outbreak of Ebola Epidemic-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp.com

Question: You will be required to prepare a written report analysing a real outbreak scenario to assess whether it was caused by bioterrorism. You will also be required to evaluate existing criteria, and recommend improved criteria, for determining whether bioterrorism may be the cause of an outbreak. Answer: Introduction The Ebola virus outbreak in the Western region of Africa caused an epidemic which had resulted in the big loss among the life of the people. In addition to this there is also a big loss in the socioeconomic development of some areas of the countries for example Guinea, Liberia and Sierra. It mainly leads to the rise in the rate of mortality which had been reported sometimes rise above the rate of 70%. There is also some small number of outbreaks which occurred in the Mali and Nigeria, in addition to some of the isolated cases is also being recorded in Senegal and in Sardinia. Bioterrorism can be defined as the threatened use of the biological agents against an individual or group of individuals. The economical impact of the bioterrorism used the efficiency of dispersal and the potential for transmission (1). The outbreak of Ebola epidemic History, motivations, health aspects and impacts of bioterrorism Ebola had been found to be endemic to West Africa decades before the 2013 2016 episodes, yet it was not surely known in West Africa or by the global wellbeing group. The 2013 2016 episodes were the important thing anywhere in the planet to achieve pandemic extents. On 25 March 2014, the WHO showed that Guinea's Ministry of Health had detailed an episode of Ebola infection ailment in four southeastern regions. In Guinea, a sum of 86 presumed cases, including 59 deaths, had been accounted for starting at 24 March (2). On 28 May, the aggregate number of announced cases had achieved 281, with 186 deaths. In Liberia, the ailment was accounted for in four provinces by mid-April 2014 and cases in Liberia's capital Monrovia were accounted for in mid-June. The episode at that point spread to Sierra Leone and advanced quickly. By 17 July, the aggregate number of suspected cases in the nation remained at 442, outperforming those in Guinea and Liberia. The risk of bioterrorism is expanding becau se of the ascent of specialized capacities, the quick development of the worldwide biotechnology industry, and the development of inexactly advanced systems of transnational psychological oppressor bunches that have communicated enthusiasm for bioterrorism. These elements are not just widening the accessibility of materials, advancements, and mastery expected to create a natural weapon, but at the same time is bringing down the boundary to execute bioterrorism and its multiplication(3). Epidemic patterns and their mechanisms Epidemics can be separated by the idea of spread in the populace. These sorts can be named as normal and variant pestilence designs. The normal pestilence comprises of the sorts of scourge which ascends from the regular source. They are point, persistent and irregular plagues. The kind of plague known as deviant pandemics comprises of engendered and blended sort of scourge (4). If the gathering is uncovered over a moderately short period, so that everyone who becomes sick does as such inside one brooding period, at that point the regular source outbreak is additionally named a point-source episode. In some regular source episodes, case-patients may have been uncovered over a time of days, weeks, or longer is known as persistent basic source outbreak. The broadened outbreak of ailment or ailment is caused by a source in which introduction isn't predictable however irregular in nature. Illustrations incorporates a portion of the synthetic introduction at the site of working that are identified with particular specific procedure of work which happens at some unique circumstances, emanations from the manufacturing plant, a wiped out laborer who is serving the sustenance who is irresistible over some undefined time frame (4). The health surveillance system has been made for the early identification of the episodes. State and nearby wellbeing offices are upgrading existing observation frameworks and growing new frameworks to better distinguish outbreak through general wellbeing reconnaissance. Assessment should start with an audit of the targets of the framework and ought to think about the needs. Reconnaissance frameworks for early outbreak recognition are here and there supported for the consolation they give when unusual examples are not evident amid an elevated hazard period or when the rate of cases decreases during the outbreak (4). Risk analysis Individuals those are infected due Ebola can just spread the infection to other individuals once they have created side effects: Ebola infection is generally transmitted among people through close and direct physical contact with tainted body liquids. This requires the body liquids from an tainted individual (alive or dead) to have entered somebody's eyes, nose or mouth, or on the other hand through cracked skin by sprinkles of blood or other body liquids. Contamination can likewise happen if dirtied attire, bed material or different situations that have turned out to be polluted with the body liquids of an Ebola tolerant come into contact with someone else's eyes, nose, mouth or broken skin (5). In the late phase of ailment, when regurgitating and looseness of the bowels are available, all body liquids, (for example, blood, pee, dung, regurgitation, salivation and semen) are considered irresistible, with blood, defecation and regurgitation being the most irresistible (6). Ebola infection does not spread through standard, social contact, (for example, shaking hands) with asymptomatic people not indicating side effects Bio-security from different stakeholders and disciplines The latest Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) episode in West Africa has animated reestablished enthusiasm for the improvement of treatment and immunizations. Partner engagement in inquire about guarantees provoke interpretation of research discoveries into approaches and programs. Be that as it may, not at all like most contemporary wellbeing research, EVD sedate disclosure should be led while the scourge is continuous. This brings a feeling of earnestness for EVD look into convention endorsement and study usage, which may improve the probability of dismissing partner engagement (7). Dynamic people group engagement is required as a system to encourage communitarian association and social estimation of the examination for the member groups. This includes currently fabricating connection between specialists, groups and different partners, and creating systems that empower group individuals to have genuine synergistic basic leadership control in the examination procedure. The dynamic engagement of group individuals in think about outline and usage avoids misconception of the objectives and procedures of research, and reinforces science through enhancing agreeableness and comprehension of the exploration, enhancing the morals of universal community oriented research, countering misguided judgments, and expanding recognition with and confide in trial staff (7). Epidemiological characteristics and features of the outbreak Transmission of virus at the time of the outbreaks happens through transmission in the group between family unit individuals, close contacts and parental figures of patients contact with body liquids of the dead amid burial service functions, and in wellbeing offices through breaks in hindrance nursing and pollution of therapeutic hardware (8). The reaction contains early analysis, separation and strong therapeutic watch over affirmed cases; contact following through every day reconnaissance of contacts and home purification; and wellbeing advancement to guarantee group acknowledgment of these measures. Guaranteeing that these exercises are directed in a sheltered way expects staff to be prepared in disease control and outfitted with individual defensive gear. In spite of the fact that WHO (9) has examined the epidemiologic attributes of the flare-up utilizing multi nation information from West Africa, no examination has concentrated on a provincial area setting. Information of the e pidemiologic qualities of the flare-up in difficult to-achieve country territories with significant calculated and asset challenges is crucial to recognize holes in charge endeavors and educate a compelling reaction. The recuperation rate of right around half in troublesome conditions is sure, however adjusted by a huge loss of human services laborers, woeful insufficiencies of transport and case-finding and troublesome access to the Ebola administration focus (9). Earnest and maintained activity by national and universal accomplices is important to help Ebola administration focuses in all locales, take care of operational issues and contains the epidemic. Application of the Grunow and Finke criteria Understanding and ability to apply, the Grunow and Finke criteria The Grunow and Finke epidemiological appraisal device is utilized to inspect the chronicled occasions and the model situation. The outcomes got from this examination, combined with a comprehension of epidemiological signs to unnatural occasions, and information of how to oversee such occasions, can help in the enhanced reaction and determination of pandemics (10). General wellbeing specialists ought to be cautious to the potential for flare-ups intentionally caused by natural operators (bioterrorism). Such occasions require a quick reaction and consolidation of non-customary accomplices for sickness examination and flare-up control. The canny use of irresistible infection epidemiological standards can advance an improved record of doubt for such occasions. Potential epidemiological signs are given to observe all the more capably a purposely caused flare-up. These intimations are connected to the epidemiological contextual investigations to outline their application. An epidemiologica l appraisal device is connected to these contextual investigations that may assist general wellbeing specialists with determining if an organic operator has been intentionally used to start a pestilence. Administration strategies utilized for the control of irresistible sickness episodes are exhibited, just like a probable situation of how the signs, administration techniques, and epidemiological evaluation apparatus could be utilized for intentionally caused flare-ups of concern (11). Evaluate the suitability of the Grunow and Finke criteria The Grunow and Finke criterion is exceptionally hard to break down, and assess the reasonableness: Clinical analytic examinations are intended to distinguish quickly the species and perhaps the strain of an irresistible creature to advise viable treatment techniques (12). The table of Grunow and Finke criteria was given in appendix. The non-conclusive criteria are used for assessing the use of some agents biological warfare. For this assessment of the non-conclusive criterion; the weighing factors that are being used which is determined according to the epidemiological significance of the characteristics of individuals. The assessment has been done to prove that the outbreak of the Ebola is bioterrorism or natural. According to the Grunow and Finke criteria, it can be explained that an outbreak is a bioterrorism or natural. Now in this of Ebola outbreak the evidences proved that this outbreak of Ebola that was happened in the western region of Africa is a natural outbreak. The transmission within the communities is less at the initial stage of transmission (13). For microbial crime scene investigation, information must hold up to the examination of judges and juries in an official courtroom and political figures, the media, and the general population. Principles are characterized for human DNA examination, and demonstrative information is produced in congruity with Certified Authorization Professional (CAP), Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments (CLIA), or other confirmation gauges. Be that as it may, such direction is less all around characterized for microbial criminology (14). In the clinical and general wellbeing areas in the United States, administration lies with the American Medical Association and the Food and Drug Administration. For microbial criminology, administration lies in law implementation, the legal framework, and maybe the U.S. Branch of Defense. Critical analysis for the release of biological warfare agents Ebola can be utilized as an effective bioterrorism specialist. While mechanically propelled therapeutic illness observation measures can distinguish a conceivable regular episode, if the Ebola infection were intentionally brought into a thickly populated city, the result would be lamentable. Exacerbating the situation are the less substantial yet genuine mental impacts of the flare-up, which are felt around the world. Delirium and disgrace appended to the ailment upsets everyday life and ruins financial movement (15). The exploration on the Ebola infection displayed here is centered around a relative investigation with the potential bioterrorist operator smallpox (variola major) and the effectively utilized bio-specialist Bacillus anthracis. This organized examination endeavors to decide the capability of Ebola as a compelling specialist in a bioterrorist assault, and the outcomes of such an occasion, considering the transnational idea of pandemics and the progression of world govern mental issues. Te Recent Ebola hemorrhagic fever (EHF) episode in Africa has revived the talk on Ebola as a potential specialist of bioterrorism. Since the main recorded Ebola episode in Sudan and the Democratic Republic of Congo in 1976, there have been sporadic flare-ups of an endemic nature that have been principally confined to Central and West Africa (16). In any case, the 2014 Ebola flare-up that started in West Africa represents an exceptional dangerand signs the potential for a worldwide pandemic. Conclusion Infection of Ebola is of a big risk to the wellbeing of the people as it is unsafe and profoundly deadly since its evolution in 1976. The spread among people happens mainly through the transmitting of blood and body fluids. Other detectable types of transmission incorporate healing facility gained disease and insufficient cleanliness hones. There is an earnest prerequisite of spread of data to group and preparing programs for specialists, medical caretakers and other doctor's facility staff. The disclosure of novel focuses for intercession strategies requires more thorough research into the pathophysiology of Ebola infection diseases with lab creatures. The best strategy to bring down the cases and scourge is to keep the spread of the ailment. The mindfulness software engineers ought to be composed on huge scale to build up the mindfulness about illness for its destruction. It is foreseen that result of research examinations would bring about advancement of effortlessly accessible and reasonable medication for the treatment of Ebola infection. References Gire SK, Goba A, Andersen KG, Sealfon RS, Park DJ, Kanneh L, Jalloh S, Momoh M, Fullah M, Dudas G, Wohl S. Genomic surveillance elucidates Ebola virus origin and transmission during the 2014 outbreak. science. 2014 Sep 12;345(6202):1369-72. Carroll MW, Matthews DA, Hiscox JA, Elmore MJ, Pollakis G, Rambaut A, Hewson R, Garca-Dorival I, Bore JA, Koundouno R, Abdellati S. 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